Infectious illnesses are conditions brought on by organisms, often minute in size, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are transmitted from one person to another either directly or indirectly. Additionally, exposure to an infected animal that carries a pathogenic bacterium that may infect humans can result in human infection.HIV/AIDS and TB are no longer among the top 10 worldwide causes of mortality due to the sharp decline in their respective death tolls in recent years. However, in low-income nations, chronic illnesses continue to be a major cause of mortality. Another infectious illness that is a leading cause of death in developing nations is malaria. One pathogenic agent is the cause of all three of these illnesses. The pathogenic microorganisms that cause infectious diseases, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, or fungi, can transfer the diseases from one person to another either directly or indirectly. These illnesses may be divided into three categories: those that have a high death rate, those that lay a large load on disability in communities, and those that, because of their rapid and unanticipated spread, have the potential to have major worldwide effects. The health sector has little direct influence over many of the important factors that affect health and the factors that lead to infectious illnesses.
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